LiciiT HOUSES. 229' 



luider the Xewfuiiudlauil Goveninieiit, .ind seven fug-signals at 

 the Canadian light-stations. The erection of nearly all these 

 light-houses has l)een the woik of the last lifty years. 



In 1813 a light-house was placed at Fort Amherst, at the en- 

 trance of St. John's Harliour. Xo further effort was made to 

 light the coast till 1835, when the local Legislature passed an 

 Act for the erection of a light-house at Cape Spear, five miles 

 south of St. John's, and for another at Harbour Grace Island in 

 1836. Cape Bonavista light-house was built in 1843; Cape Pine 

 in 1851 ; Cape Eace in 1856, (now under the Government of 

 Canada) ; Baccalieu in 1859 ; Cape St. Mary, 1860 ; Fort Point, 

 Trinitv, 1874 ; Carbonear Island, 1878 ; Cape St. Francis, 1867 ; 

 Long Point, Twillingate, 1876 ; Cabot Island, Bonavista Bay, 

 1880 ; Gull Island, (Cape St. John), 1884 ; Brigus Head, 1885 ; 

 Penguin Island, 1890 ; King'.s Cove Head, 1893. 



In 1872 a ten-inch steam whistle was placed at Cape Race, and 

 in thick weather is sounded for ten seconds with intervals of 

 silence of fifty seconds in each minute. At Cape Ray, in 1877, 

 a steam fog horn was erected, giving a blast of ten seconds every 

 minute; in 1884 a steam fog horn Avas placed at Cape Bauld, 

 and another at Cai)e Norman in 1890. At Belle Isle, in the 

 Straits of the same name, a fog-bomb was placed in 1891, Avhich 

 fires cotton-powder signals every twenty mnintes from a 2)oint 

 near the irpper light, 400 feet above the sea, in thick weather. 

 In 1877 a Siren trumpet was placed at Cape St. Francis, and at 

 Fort Amherst a three-pound charge from a 32-poiinder gun is 

 discharged every hour and on the stroke of the hour, during 

 daylight or when Cape Spear is enveloped in fog. Here also is 

 placed a mechanical fog horn. At Cape Spear, in 1878, a Com- 

 pressed Air Trumpet was placed ; at Powles' Head (near Tre- 

 passey) a Courtnay automatic whistling biroy was placed ; and in 

 1890 a bell buoy at Port-au-Bas(|ue. 



To sustain the light-house and alarm system light-dues arc 

 collected to the extent of one shilling per ton on all vessels en- 

 tering any port or harbour of the Colon}-, except coasting, seal- 

 ing or fishing vessels, but not to be levied more than once a year. 



