102 SYSTEM FOR TRAINING CAVALRY HORSES. 



if the foot is strong and the sole arched, there need 

 not be more seating than will allow the point of a 

 picker to pass freely round between the sole and the 

 shoe ; otherwise dirt and small stones will get in, and 

 bruise the sole as much as the shoe would do if it 

 pressed upon it. 



Cutting off the Heels. 



Having fixed upon a shoe to your mind, begin by 

 cutting off the heels ; and you will find a half-round 

 chisel a better tool for the purpose than a straight 

 one, because you should never cut them ofl' square ; 

 if you do, you will find it impossible to fit the shoe 

 properly to the heels, and at the same time keep the 

 web as w^ide at the heels as it is at the toe, for one of 

 the corners of the shoe will be sticking into the frog, 

 while the other stands out beyond the crust ; but if 

 you cut them off as shown fig. 1, plate 20, you will 

 have no difficulty in bringing every part of the shoe 

 into its proper place on the foot. Fig. 1 is a shoe 

 turned in the rough ; and the dotted lines show the 

 direction in which the heels should be cut off. The 

 side next the frog should be cut off from C to B, and 

 the outer corner from A to B^ and then the shoe will 

 look like fig. 2, which with a hammering over the 

 beak of the anvil will soon come like fig. 3 ; you will 

 see that the points marked A in fig. 2 have disap- 

 peared in fig. 3, and that the parts between A and B 



