SYSTEMATIC 



apothecium has no thalline margin. They form a phylum distinct from those that precede 

 and those that follow. 



The first family of the Cyclocarpineae, the Lecanactidaceae, is often placed under 

 Graphidineae; in any case it forms a link between the two subseries. 



I. Leciaeine group (apothecia without a thalline margin). 



XXIII. LECANACTIDACEAE. Thallus crustaceous. Algal cells Trentepohlia. 



Apothecium with carbonaceous hypothecium or parathecium. 



XXIV. PILOCARPACEAE. Thallus crustaceous. Algal cells Protococcaceae. Apo- 



thecia with a dense rather dark hypothecium. 



XXV. CHRYSOTHRICACEAE. Thallus felted, loose in texture. Algal cells Pal- 



mella, Protococcaceae or Trentepohlia. Apothecia with or without a thalline 

 margin. The affinity of the "Family" seems to be with Pilocarpaceae. 



\ Thallus crustaceous. Algal cells in the first Tren- 

 XXVI. THELOTREMACEAE [ tepohlia; in the second Protococcaceae. In both 



XXVII. DIPLOSCHI^TAChAE\ there are prominent double margins round the 



' apothecium. 



XXVIII. ECTOLECHIACEAE. Thallus very primitive in type. Algal cells Proto- 



coccaceae. Apothecia with or without a thalline margin. Nearly related to 

 Chrysothricaceae. 



XXIX. GYALECTACEAE. Thallus crustaceous. Algal cells Trentepohlia, Phyllac- 



tidium or rarely Scytonema. Apothecia biatorine, i.e. of soft consistency and 

 without gonidia. 



XXX. COENOGONIACEAE. Thallus confusedly filamentous (byssoid). Algal cells 



Trentepohlia or Cladophora. Apothecia biatorine. 



XXXI. LECIDEACEAE. Thallus crustaceous or squamulose. Algal cells Proto- 



coccaceae. Apothecia biatorine (soft), or lecideine (carbonaceous). 



XXXII. PHYLLOPSORACEAE. Thallus squamulose or foliose. Algal cells Proto- 

 coccaceae. Apothecia biatorine or lecideine. 



XXXIII. CLADONIACEAE. Thallus twofold. Algal cells Protococcaceae. Apo- 



thecia biatorine or lecideine. 



XXXIV. GYROPHORACEAE. Thallus foliose. Algal cells Protococcaceae. Apo- 



thecia lecideine. 



XXXV. ACAROSPORACEAE. Thallus primitive crustaceous, squamulose or foliose. 



Algal cells Protococcaceae. Apothecia with or without a thalline margin ; 

 very various, but always with many-spored asci. 



2. Cyanophili group. 



In this group the classification depends almost entirely on the nature of the algal 

 constituents. The apothecia are in most genera provided with a thalline margin. 



a. More or less gelatinous when moist. 



XXXVI. EPHEBACEAE. Algal cells Scytonema or Stigonema. Thallus minutely 



fruticose or filamentous. 



XXXVII. PYRENOPSIDACEAE. Algal cells Gloeocapsa (Gloeocapsa, Xanthocapsa 

 or Chroococcus). Thallus crustaceous, minutely foliose or fruticose. 



XXXVIII. LICHINACEAE. Algal cells Rivularia. Thallus crustaceous, squamulose 

 or minutely fruticose. 



XXXIX. COLLEMACEAE. Algal cells Nostoc. Thallus crustaceous, minutely fruti- 

 cose, or squamulose to foliose. 



HEPPIACEAE, Algal cells Scytonema. Thallus generally squamulose 

 and formed of plectenchyma. 



XL. 



