46. 



or a peculiar unnatural orange* It if? generally ccmy-letoly 

 riddled with the sporoaysts or r^'line vrhioh feed upon its 



If the gonad in inf^rst^d it is quite destroyed* 



On the oth-?r hand <?noysted ceroari^e seem to do little or no 



tho' 



harm tc their hosts <ven / t$ resent, in larger numbers." 

 From my c?wn nbn^rvitions, and from r^tateraentB by other 



.-0 inolin -o tc b^i*?ve i-ebour IB right, Durin;.- trie fall 

 season r- f tne ye^r the dend arnilc ir<? most abundant. This 



faot is Lficant in~li^t of the farjt that tho rediaa 





 and croa rift* are a 1st u abundant at this time. The 



snail s detach themselves at death - from th* roo^fl arid float 

 to the surface, having nearly always a large part of their 

 body rtr.dd from th<* sh*ll and thus they r<* very a^ces^able 

 as food to th* -v^ter fair dp. ^uite likely in this way many 

 birds are infected. Tlie third way of infection ie that of the 

 fly ^nrpe-- u> from the bottom of the pond by ducJ'e, 



, etc. in their search for food in ahxllow laj^es. :iediae 

 and e*r<viriT** 0eldxira live more than twenty -four iicurs in a 



anail but tr t ^ *no7^te'. a : raBK>dJr,tome^ are l^ncwn to live 

 tliru the decaying of the snail apparently unharmed by the 

 putryfing process. These oysts tnen settle to the bolt-torn of 

 the pond where tn^y re;uain ilive for a aoniderable time 

 longer unless -:tten by a suitable hoet. A somewhat similar 



tion is that of the aysta of Para^oninauB rin^eri ^f};ich 

 bea>- loose from the gills of the fresh water orabs and oray* 

 fish and ff^Vule to the bottom of the pond or stream. The 

 fourth w?iy is th it of dual's, geese, *tc* eating plan^ria and 

 possibly other secondary intermediate hrrsts. however, because 



