SCREW AND PADDLE. 385 



tages of the screw over the paddle as a means of propulsion for 

 ocean-going steamships. In 1863, the steamship * Syria,' of 

 11)98 tons, was built for the Peninsular and Oriental Company 

 by Messrs. Day, Summers, and Co., and fitted with paddle-wheel 

 engines of 450-horse power. The ' Syria ' then attained a speed 

 of 13 '038 knots per hour, and the consumption of coal was at 

 the rate of 45 tons per diem. The builders have lately con- 

 verted her into a screw-steamer (for carrying the mails between 

 Southampton and the Cape of Good Hope), who, without in 

 any way disturbing the configuration of the hull, have fitted the 

 ' Syria ' with compound inverted engines of 300 nominal horse- 

 power. These engines have two cylinders, respectively of 36 in. 

 and 72 in. diameter, with a stroke of 4 ft. 2 in. On Monday 

 last the ' Syria ' attained an average speed of 12 637 knots, with 

 a consumption of coal equivalent to 18 tons per diem ; thus 

 showing a difference of only 0*401 knot per hour, with a 

 lessened power of 150 horses, and a saving in consumption of 

 coal of 27 tons per diern ; while the carrying capacity of the 

 ship, arising from the economy of space in the engine-room, has 

 been enormously increased, as she can now stow 1200 tons of 

 cargo against 500 tons previously." l 



Mr. Husband, of the firm of Harvey and Co., of 

 Hayle, has obliged me with the annexed sketch 

 (Plate XVIII.) of a modern high-pressure steam expan- 

 sive compound marine engine, with surface condensers, 

 on which the grandsons of Trevi thick are now working, 

 to be placed in the ' Batara Bayon Syree,' an iron yacht 

 for an Indian Rajah, embracing the modern improve- 

 ments of direct-action compound engines, and illustrat- 

 ing the principles which governed the constructors of 

 the ' Syria.' 



The first glance shows a seeming resemblance in out- 

 line to Trevithick's patent drawing of 1832, having 

 one cylinder above the other ; but a closer examination 



See l Thr Times; M:iv L'Oth, 1871. 



