INDEX 



Illustrations are indicated by page numerals in bold-faced type. 



A.bsorption, by root hairs, 86; 



course of food after, 341; 



in intestine, 342 ; 



in stomach, 338; 



into blood, 340; 



organs of (villi), 341. 

 Accessory fruit, 51. 

 ''Accommodation" in human eye, 



425. 

 Achene, 51, 54. 

 Acid, hydrochloric, 336; 



reaction in root hairs, 93 ; 



test for, (note) 93. 

 Acorn, 54. 



Adaptation to environment, 142. 

 Adaptations, for perching, 293; 



for seed dispersal, 58; 



in birds, 293, 296; 



in moths and butterflies, 239; 



in skull, 375; 



in turtle, 286; 



in vertebral column, 372. 

 Agassiz, Louis, quoted, 12, 

 Aggressive resemblance, defined, 232 ; 



in mantis, 232. 

 Air, in germination, 79; 



in starch making, 131. 

 Albumen, test for, 22. 

 Alcohol, a poison, 327; 



as a food, 326; 



Atwater's experiments with, 326; 



cause of mental disorders, 413; 



chemical formula of, 326 ; 



effect on bodily heat, 398; 



effect on circulation, 360; 



effect on digestion, 343; 



effect on the eye, 426; 



effect on the heart, 361 ; 



effect on the kidney, 393; 



effect on muscle, 369. 



Alcohol, effect on the nervous sys- 

 tem, 411; 



effect on nerve cells, 413; 



effect on the respiratory organs, 

 389; 



effect on the vocal organs, 427; 



oxidation of, 385. 

 Alcohol poisoning, 413; 



moral effect of, 417. 

 Algae, blue-green, 173; 



brown, 174; 



chlorophyll in, 173; 



economic importance of, 173; 



green, 174; 



red, 173. 

 Alimentary canal, comparison of, in 

 frog and man, 331; 



in man, 330. 

 Alligator, 290. 



Alligators and crocodiles, 290. 

 Alternation of generations in ferns, 

 155; 



in mosses, 158. 

 Alveoli, function of, 381. 

 Ambulacrae, 203. 

 Ambulacral grooves, 203. 

 Amoeba, 182; 



asexual reproduction in, 182, 183; 



changes during division, 182 : 



locomotion in, 182; 



oxidation in, 182; 



structure of, 182. 

 Amphibia, characteristics of, 280; 



classification of, 285; 



examples of, 284. 

 Ampulla, 204. 

 Angiosperms, defined, 151. 

 Annual rings, 108. 

 Annulus, 153. 

 Anther, 31. 



431 



