THE NURSERY. 2 9 



basins or common pans. The grafts will be set all 

 the time on the same side of the line, and about 

 two inches from it, the planters all being on that 

 side the line. The hole is made with the dibble, 

 and the graft carefully inserted, the greatest care 

 being necessary not to break the joint. Set it to 

 its top in the ground, holding it in this position 

 with the left hand resting upon the ground, when 

 the dibble is thrust down beside it, and very close 

 to the first hole, which will, if done properly, firm 

 the earth about the roots to the bottom. This 

 work should not be entrusted to boys, it requires 

 good judgment and mature intelligence to do the 

 work correctly. Place them about 10 inches apart 

 in the row, and the rows 4 feet -apart. Some 

 leave one bud out of the ground, but it is not 

 necessary when the ground is smooth, as it will 

 soon settle so as to expose one or more of them. 



Keep them cultivated and clear of weeds, and it 

 is not believed that late cultivating induces late 

 growth. 



In the north there is great loss frequently in 

 winterkilling the first winter, especially in the 

 loess soils of the Missouri valley. This was not^ 

 the case in the black soils of the Mississippi side. 



There are many ways to prevent this. Some 

 take them all up in the fall, cover or cellar them 

 and plant out again in spring. This is advisa- 

 ble where there is but a poor stand, as the ground 

 will be better occupied. There is the objection to 

 this, however, that the tree is retarded in growth, 



