56 MAKING THE ORCHARD. 



The land being staked off it is now necessary by 

 some appliance to put a tree at the exact spot indi- 

 cated by each stake or pin. This is done with 

 what is called a ' ( replace, ' ' and is very simple. 

 Take a piece of board about 6 feet long by 4 to 6 

 inches wide, cut a V shaped notch about i inch at 

 the top, and about i inch deep in the center of the 

 board on one edge, and two notches about the same 

 size near the ends on the opposite edge, and the 

 replace is made. Throw this down east and west 

 with the center notch to the north, and the same 

 side up every time ; let the center notch receive the 

 pin where the tree is to set, now stick a stake in 

 each of the two end notches, pull the center or tree 

 pin, dig the hole, put the replace back over the 

 two stakes just as it was, plant the tree leaning 

 into the center notch and it must occupy the same 

 place that the pin occupied. 



It is well to give the tree considerable inclina- 

 tion to the south and slightly west, but this is not 

 so important if the planter, as soon as he is through 

 with planting will protect the trunk of the trees 

 with something that will defend them from hot 

 winds and sun. There is nothing better than corn- 

 stalks for this protection, and no work that the tree 

 planter can do from the time he starts till the 

 orchard is bearing is of so much value as this small 

 piece of labor; indeed it is one of the essential 

 requisites of success. 



The work is not yet done, even if it is well 

 done, so far as we have gone. These trees must 



