96 ENEMIES OF THE ORCHARD 



osene emulsion. They cannot be reached by the 

 arsenites, as they have no jaws and take no solid 

 food. 



Fruit Eating or Destroying. These consist 

 mainly of the codling moth, curculio and gouger. 



The former is by far the most destructive. When 

 we get a "wormy apple" we get the larva of the 

 codling moth. This insect is dark brown and has 

 a spread of wings of about ^6 to ^ of an inch. 

 She deposits her egg in the calix or blossom end of 

 the apple as soon as it is set, and it soon hatches 

 and commences to eat its way to and into the fruit. 

 It is at this stage that the remedy is applied; that 

 is, spraying with an arsenite while the apex of the 

 fruit is still turned upward. It has been found by 

 experiment that trees so sprayed yield 70 per cent 

 more perfect fruit than where it is neglected. The 

 spraying must not be done while the trees are in 

 blossom, but as soon as the petals are shed. Some 

 repeat after four or five days, which is advisable. 



The gougers and curculio are much alike and 

 deposit their eggs in the young fruit, or up to the 

 time it is nearly half grown, by either puncturing 

 the skin, as with the gougers, or by cutting a cres- 

 cent-shaped opening through the skin, as with the 

 curculio. The larva hatches and eats its way to 

 the stone, for they work mostly on stone fruits. 

 Here they live upon the kernel, and when the fruit 

 drops they escape into the ground, where they are 

 transformed. It is ascertained that these insects, 

 at the time of their egg laying, eat some of the 



