IOO ENEMIES OF THE ORCHARD 



claimed that "fire blight" is the effect of one of 

 these spores. 



Burrowing animals. Pocket gophers and ground 

 moles are at times, especially the former, very 

 destructive. Moles are only injurious in small 

 fruit or other gardens, and the injury is only from 

 the displacement of the earth; they never eat any 

 vegetable substance, but live on worms, bugs and 

 grubs, and may be as beneficial as harmful. How- 

 ever, they are easily trapped if desired with a mole 

 trap which can be procured at the hardware stores, 

 with full directions for use. 



Pocket gophers frequently cut through the trees 

 a few inches under ground, which are 4 to 5 inches 

 in diameter. The first indication may be the 

 withering of the leaves, when it will be found to 

 be entirely severed. They are easily trapped or 

 poisoned. In trapping, dig to the runway and set 

 a common steel trap, then cover with a board to 

 prevent the earth from falling back, and cover this 

 with earth to keep out all the light. Use the end 

 gate rod to a wagon for prodding the earth to find 

 their runways which will save digging. Small 

 potatoes with a small amount of strychnine pricked 

 in, and these deposited in their runways will be the 

 easiest and most effective way to get rid of them. 



Prof. Hilgard, of the state university of Califor- 

 nia, has orginated a means of destroying all bur- 

 rowing animals, and which is vouched for by several 

 of our best agricultural papers. It is thought to 

 be of sufficient value to give it here in full. 



