APPENDIX 597 



Chile, and not infrequently represented in the stranded beach-drift by the 

 pods, which in my experiments floated seven to ten days in sea-water, after 

 drying some weeks. 



(3) Franseria. A species common on the beaches of Valparaiso and 

 Talcahuano. Its prickly fruits, after being kept six weeks, floated only two 

 to four days. They are well suited for transport in birds' plumage. 



NOTE 72 (page 483) 



THE SOUTHERN LIMIT OF THE MANGROVE FORMATION IN ECUADOR. 

 . . . The southern limit of the mangrove formation on the west coast 

 of South America is usually placed at 4 S. lat. ; but it is probable that the 

 vicinity of Tumbez in lat. 3 30' S. would be more correct. Baron von 

 Eggers would place it rather further to the north-east, near the frontier of 

 Ecuador and Peru in lat. 3 20' S. I spent eight days in the locality last 

 named and saw no evidence of the beginning of the mangrove-formation. 



NOTE 73 (page 495) 



ADDITIONAL NOTE ON THE TEMPERATURE OF THE DRY COAST OF 

 ECUADOR BETWEEN PUNA ISLAND AND THE EQUATOR. . . . Baron von 

 Eggers gives the mean annual temperature for El Recreo, about half 

 a degree south of the equator, at 75 F., which is near that of Rio 

 de Janeiro in lat. 23 S. on the east coast of the continent. Mr. F. P. 

 Walker has kindly given me the results of temperature-observations cover- 

 ing a period of ten years, taken in the room for testing cables at Santa 

 Elena Point (2 10' S.), usually about 6*30 a.m. The range of the monthly 

 means was 71 F. (August) to 79'! (March), and the mean for the year 

 was 74*8. In that locality a typical daily range would be 65 to 80 ; and 

 Mr. Walker believes that a minimum of 59 has been recorded. 



NOTE 74 (page 495) 



OBSERVATIONS ON THE TEMPERATURE OF THE HUMBOLDT CURRENT 

 FROM ANTOFAGASTA NORTHWARD, BETWEEN JANUARY AND MARCH, 

 1904 (Fahrenheit scale) 



The observations were usually taken at the anchorages, but in some 

 places, as at Ancon and Puerto Bolivar, they were taken from a boat 

 outside the roadstead. 



If we wish to ascertain how the Humboldt Current retains its 

 cool temperature as it advances through the tropics to the equator, a 

 glance at the following table will show that the surface-temperatures 

 can aid us but slightly, since they do not vary in accordance with the 

 latitude, a subject further discussed below. We can, however, obtain 

 some valuable indications from the deeper temperatures. Let us take for 



