LILY FAMILY 333 



aa. Flower stalked in the leaf -whorl. 



T. grandiflorum, Salisb. Common wake-robin, or birthroot. Fig. 244. 

 Flowers large and white, the peduncle standing erect or nearly so, the 

 petals broadest above the middle (obovate) and 2-2^ in. long: leaves broad- 

 ovate, sessile or nearly so. Flowers become rose-pink with age. 



T. erectum, Linn. Flowers smaller, ill-scented, varying from white to 

 pink and purple, the peduncle erect or declined, the petals ovate or lanceo- 

 late and spreading: leaves broad-ovate. Frequent North, and south to 

 Tennessee. 



T. cernuum, Linn. Flowers not large, white, the peduncle declined under 

 the broad leaves; petals ovate-lanceolate, rolled back. Range of the last. 



T. undulatum, Willd. Painted wake-robin. Flowers on peduncles 

 erect, or partly declined; segments ovate, or ovate-lanceolate, margined, 

 thin, widely spreading, white, penciled with purple stripes at base; sepals 

 half as long as petals: leaves ovate, taper-pointed, distinctly petioled, 

 obtuse or rounded at the base. Cool damp woods, from New Brunswick to 

 Georgia, and west. 



11. ASPARAGUS. ASPARAGUS. 



Mostly tall, often climbing plants with cladophylla and very small 

 scale-like true leaves: flowers white or greenish, small, bell-shaped, scat- 

 tered or in groups of 2 or 3: fruit a 3-loculed and 1-6-seeded small berry. 



A. officinalis, Linn. Common asparagus. Figs. 

 159, 160. Erect and branchy, the strong young 

 shoots thick and edible: berries red. Europe. 



A. plumosus, Baker. Fig. 161. Twining, with 

 dark, frond-like foliage, small white flowers and 

 black berries. South Africa; greenhouses. 



A. medeoloides, Thunb. Smilax of florists (but 



' Asparagus medeoloides. 



not of botanists). Fig. 493. Twining: foliage broad 



and leaf-like: flowers solitary and fragrant: berries dark green. South 

 Africa; much grown by florists. 



12. SMILACINA. FALSE SOLOMON'S SEAL. 



Low, erect plants with many small white flowers in racemes or pani- 

 cles: perianth 6-paned: fruit a 3-loculed berry: rootstock creeping. 



S. racemosa, Desf. False spikenard. About 2 ft. tall, somewhat downy, 

 with many oblong or oval leaves: flowers in a panicle: berries pale red, 

 speckled. Spring and early summer. Rich woods. 



S. stellata, Desf. Nearly or quite smooth: leaves narrower: flowers in 

 a simple raceme. Forms patches in low ground. 



13. MAIANTHEMUM. TWO-LEAVED SOLOMON'S SEAL. 



Neat little herbs, with slender rootstocks: stems unbranched, few- 

 leaved: flowers small, in an open raceme, with usually 2 or 3 pedicels 

 together; perianth of 4 ovate, obtuse, spreading segments, united at base: 

 fruit a globular 1-2-seeded berry. One species in eastern North America. 



