342 THE KINDS OF PLANTS 



dark green, usually blotched or veined with white. A few species widely 

 distributed, but not common, with handsome leaves. The genus is also 

 known as Peramium and as Goodyera. 



6. CALOPOGON. GRASS PINK. 



Scapes from round solid bulbs bearing several flowers in loose terminal 

 spikes or racemes; leaf 1, grass-like. Distinguished by having the lip on 

 the upper side (ovary or stalk not twisting) bearded. 



C. pulchellus, R. Br. Scape 1 ft. high, 2-6-flowered : flowers 1 in. across, 

 pink-purple; the lip triangular at apex, crested with colored hairs (yellow, 

 orange, purple), club-shaped: anther lid-like: pollen-masses 4, powdery. 

 Wet meadows and bogs. Very pretty. 



7. POGONIA. 



Low, with solitary, terminal, odd flowers; alternate leaves: lip spurless, 

 crested or hooded or 3-lobed; column not attached: calyx spreading; fertile 

 anther lid-like; 2 pollen-masses, granular. 



P. ophioglossoides, Ker. Stem 6-9 in. from a fibrous root; leaf sessile, 

 oval near middle of stem: lip erect, bearded and fringed; flower 1 in. long, 

 sweet-scented, pale rose color, slightly nodding, with a leafy bract. Marshes 

 or swampy places. Eastern United States. June to July. 



BB. PHENOGAMS: ANGIOSPERMS: DICOTYLEDONS. 

 D. CHORIPETALM. 



IX. CUPULlFER^). OAK FAMILY. 



Monoecious trees and shrubs with staminate flowers in catkins 

 and the pistillate in catkins or solitary: leaves alternate, with stipules 

 early deciduous (mostly scale-like), and the side- veins straight or 

 nearly so : stamens 2 to many : fruit a 1-seeded nut, sometimes inclosed 

 in an involucre. Ten or a dozen genera and upwards of 450 species. 

 Representative plants are oak, chestnut, beech, birch, hazel, ironwood. 



A. Sterile flowers in a hanging head: fruits 2 three-cornered 



nuts in a small, spiny involucre or bur 1. Fagus 



AA. Sterile flowers in cylindrical catkins. 



B. Fruit 1-4 rounded or flat-sided nuts in a large, sharp- 

 spiny involucre or bur 2. Castanea 



BB. Fruit an acorn a nut sitting in a scaly or spiny cup 3. Quercus 



BBB. Fruit flat and often winged, thin and seed-like, borne 

 under scales in a cone. 



c. Fertile flowers naked: mature cone-scales thin 4. Betula 



cc. Fertile flowers with a calyx: cone-scales thick 5. Alnuii 



