362 THE KINDS OF PLANTS 



diameter, with small, linear, yellow or purplish petals, becoming stamen-like 

 toward center: fruit ripens above water. The name Nymphsea is sometimes 

 applied to the genus Castalia. 



N. advena, Ait. Spatterdock. Leaves oval, thick, 6 in. to 1 ft. long, 

 floating or erect: flowers yellow, sepals 6 or more, not equal; petals thick, 

 truncate, resembling stamens. 



XVIII. PAPAVERACE.E. POPPY FAMILY. 



Herbs with milky or colored juice (acrid and narcotic), alternate 

 or radical exstipulate leaves, the upper rarely opposite: flowers mostly 

 single, regular or irregular, perfect; sepals 2 (rarely 3 or 4), falling as 

 the flower opens; petals 4-6 (or more), imbricated, often crumpled in 

 the bud, and early falling; stamens usually many; ovary 1- to many- 

 ovuled, 1-celled: fruit a dry pod or capsule, 1-celled or, in Poppy, 

 imperfectly many-celled, generally dehiscing by a pore or by valves. 

 Small family of mostly small but usually showy herbs. 



A. Plants with white (milky) juice * 1. Papaver 



AA. Plants with colorless juice (watery) 2. Eschscholtzia 



AAA. Plants with red or orange juice. 



B. Flower-bud erect: flowers white, in earliest spring. . . .3. Sanguinaria 

 BB. Flower-buds generally nodding; flowers yellow. 



c. Stigma 3-4-lobed, on a short style. Capsule ovoid. 4. Stylophorum 

 cc. Stigma 2-lobed, about sessile: capsule long 5. Chelidonium 



1. PAPAVER. POPPY. 



Herbs with white juice: stems smooth or hairy, erect, and the terminal 

 buds nodding, but erect in flower and fruit: sepals 2 (or 3) soon falling; petals 

 4-6; sessile stigmas united to form a rayed disk. 



P. sommferum, Linn. Opium poppy. Annual, erect to 1^-2 ft., 

 branching, glaucous, with large, white or purplish-centered flowers on long 

 peduncles: leaves sessile, clasping, variously incised: capsule smooth. 

 Cultivated for opium and for ornament. 



P. Rhdeas, Linn. Corn poppy. Shirley poppy. Annual, bristly, hairy, 

 the leaves deeply lobed: flowers mostly red or scarlet with a dark center, 

 varying in cultivation: pod small. 



P. orientale, Linn. Stem rough-hairy, 1-flowered: flowers very large, 

 brilliant, scarlet: leaves scabrous, deep green, about pinnate. A favorite 

 perennial in gardens. 



P. nudicaule, Linn. Iceland poppy. Rather delicate, hairy, with leaves 

 radical, pale green, and pinnately incised: flowers single, on slender, hairy 

 scapes, orange or white. Gardens. 



2. ESCHSCH6LTZIA. 



Annual or perennial herbs: leaves glaucous, finely pinnatifid: sepals 2, 

 cohering as a pointed cap, falling as flower opens; petals 4, yellow or orange 



