390 THE KINDS OF PLANTS 



corymbs, the petals orbicular and purplish rose (rarely whitish): fruit red, 

 ripe in August, flattened, sweetish but scarcely edible. Common in woods. 



aa. Blackberries: drupelets adhering to the torus (the torus forming 

 the "core" of the berry). 



R. allegheniensis, Porter (R. villdsus of some). Common blackberry. 

 Tall, very thorny: leaflets 3 or 5, ovate and pointed, toothed, hairy beneath: 

 flowers large, in open racemes: fruit cylindrical and firm, black when 

 ripe. Woods, and cultivated. 



R. villdsus, Ait. (R. canadensis of some). Northern dewberry. Trail- 

 ing and rooting at tips, prickly : leaflets 3-7, ovate-acuminate or oblong-ovate, 

 toothed: flowers 1-3, on erect, short peduncles, large: fruit like a small and 

 shining blackberry. Sterile fields, and in cultivation. 



R. trivialis, Michx. Southern dewberry. Fig. 170. Long-trailing, very 

 thorny and bristly: leaves 3-5, more or less evergreen, mostly lance-oblong 

 and small, strong-toothed: flowers 1-3: fruit black. Sands, Virginia, south; 

 also in cultivation. 



7. KlSRRIA. GLOBE FLO WEB. "JAPAN ROSE." 



Shrubby plants with calyx of 5 acuminate, nearly distinct sepals; petals 

 5 (or flowers double); ovaries 5-8, smooth, globose: leaves simple, ovate, 

 acuminate, doubly serrate, with stipules: flowers terminal on branches, soli- 

 tary or a few together. 



K. japonica, DC. Bush 3-8 ft. with green winter twigs: flowers orange- 

 yellow, usually double: leaves sometimes variegated. Late May and June. 

 Cultivated. 



8. ROSA. ROSE. 



More or less thorny erect or climbing shrubs with pinnate wing-petioled 

 leaves, and flowers with 5 calyx -lobes and 5 large, rounded petals: pistils 

 many, becoming more or less hairy achenes which are inclosed in a hollow 

 torus (fruit becoming a hip, Fig. 292). Most of the garden roses are too 

 difficult for the beginner: they are much modified by the plant-breeder. 



R. Carolina, Linn. Swamp rose. Tall, often as high as a man, the few 

 spines usually somewhat hooked: stipules (petiote wings) long and narrow: 

 leaflets 5-9, narrow-oblong and acute, finely serrate: flowers rather large, 

 rose-color. Swamps. 



R. virginiana, Mill. Usually low, with stout hooked spines: stipules 

 rather broad; leaflets about 7, smooth and mostly shining above: flowers 

 large, rose-color. Moist places. 



R. humilis, Marsh. Three feet or less tall, with straight, slender spines: 

 stipules narrow; foliage usually less shining. Dry soils. 



R. rubiginosa, Linn. Sweet briar. Eglantine. Erect, 4-8 ft., curving, 

 'armed with stout recurved prickles, with weaker ones intermixed: leaflets 

 5-9, ovate or oval, coarsely and doubly serrate and resinous or glandular, 

 pubescent beneath, very aromatic: flowers small, pink or white, solitary, 

 single or double. Naturalized from Europe and in cultivation. 



