ROSACES 391 



9. AMELANCHIER. SERVICE BERRY. JUNE BERRY. 



Small trees or shrubs, with smooth, grayish bark: leaves simple, peti- 

 oled, serrate: flowers white, in racemes, or rarely solitary; calyx-tube 5- 

 cleft; petals 5; stamens many, short, inserted on calyx-throat; ovary 

 inferior, apparently 10-celled, with 1 ovule in each cavity; styles 5, united 

 below: fruit a berry-like pome, 4-10-celled. 



A. canadensis, Medic. Shadbush. Small tree or bush 5-50 ft. high, 

 with snowy white flowers in very early spring before the foliage: leaves 

 ovate to oblong, sharply serrate, acute at apex, base cordate, soon smooth; 

 stipules long and silky-hairy: fruit red or purple pomes, on slender pedicels, 

 sweet and edible. Woods, common. 



10. PYRUS. PEAR. APPLE. 



Small trees or shrubs with alternate leaves, and flowers in clusters in 

 spring; flowers 5-merous: ovaries usually 5, immersed in the torus, the 

 styles free. 



a. Leaves simple: pear and apple. 



P. communis, Linn. Pear. Figs. 61, 62, 65, 66, 67, 118, 119, 196, 293. 

 Leaves ovate, firm and shining, smooth, close-toothed : fruit tapering to the 

 pedicel. Europe. 



P. Malus, Linn. Apple. Figs. 294-295. Leaves ovate, soft - hairy be- 

 neath, serrate: fruit hollowed at the base when ripe. Europe. 



P. coronaria, Linn. Wild crab. Bushy tree to about 20 ft., somewhat 

 thorny: leaves ovate-triangular to heart-shaped, cut-serrate, or somewhat 

 lobed, soon smoothish: flowers large, strikingly fragrant, rose-colored, few 

 in a corymb or cluster: pome flattened at the ends, long-stemmed, indented 

 at the attachment to stalk, green, becoming yellowish, fragrant but sour. 

 Open glades, from New York, west and south. 



P. ioensis, Bailey. Prairie crab. Pubescent: leaves oblong or ovate, 

 notched or parted along the sides, the petioles short: pome globular or 

 oblong, short-stemmed, with light dots. Mostly west of Great Lakes. 



aa. Leaves compound: mountain-ashes. (Sorbus.) 



P. americana, DC. American mountain-ash. Tree or large shrub, native 

 to mountain woods in the East, but sometimes cultivated: leaves odd-pin- 

 nately compound, with 13-15 leaflets that are lanceolate, taper-pointed, ser- 

 rate, bright-green above: flowers numerous, small, white, in compound, flat 

 cymes; styles 3-5: berry-like pomes globose, bright red, or orange, about the 

 size of peas. 



P. Aucuparia, Ehrh. English mountain-ash. Rowan. Leaves pubescent 

 on both sides when young, the leaflets blunt: fruit larger than that of pre- 

 ceding, about }^, in. in diameter. 



11. CYDONIA. QUINCE. 



Small trees or shrubs: flowers and leaves much as in Pyrus: ovary 5- 

 celled, with many seeds in each: fruit a pome, usually hollowed at top end, 

 globose ; or pyriform. 



