404 THE KINDS OF PLANTS 



V. urticaefolia, Linn. Perennial, common coarse weed in waste ground: 

 4-6 ft. tall: leaves oval, coarsely serrate, stalked: flowers minute, white, in 

 slender spikes. 



V. angustifdlia, Michx. A perennial, roughish weed, with stems 6 in. 

 to 2 ft., mostly simple, leafy: leaves sessile, narrow-lanceolate, tapering to 

 sessile base: flowers small, in spikes; corolla purple: fruits overlapping on 

 spike. Dry fields. 



V. stricta, Vent. Perennial, hoary-hairy: stem 1-3 ft., very leafy: leaves 

 obovate or oblong, serrate and nearly sessile: spikes thick and densely 

 flowered ; flowers blue-purple, rather larger than in other common Ver- 

 vains, M in. across, but few open at one time. Westward. 



V. hastata, Linn. A common, rather pubescent weed of the waysides: 

 stem 2-6 ft. tall, branching, with many slender spikes of the small, bracted, 

 blue-purple flowers, few flowers in bloom at one time: leaves lanceolate, 

 acuminate, petioled. 



V. canadensis, Brit. One of the species from which the garden Ver- 

 benas have come: stems rather prostrate and creeping: flowers in a corymb 

 or peduncled spike and showy, of various colors and considerable size : leaves 

 on petioles, ovate in outline, but pinnately cut or 3-parted. Wild from 

 Indiana west. 



XXXV. SCROPHULARIACE.E. FIGWORT FAMILY. 



Herbs (trees in warm countries), of various habit: flowers perfect, 

 irregular, usually imperfectly 5-merous: corolla usually 2-lipped and 

 personate: stamens 4 in 2 pairs, inserted on the corolla, with some- 

 times a rudiment of a fifth: ovary single, 2-loculed, ripening into a 

 several- or many-seeded capsule. About 160 genera and 2,000 species. 

 Representative plants are figwort, snapdragon, toad-flax, foxglove, 

 mullein, pentstemon, monkey-flower or musk-plant. 



A. Corolla very shallow and nearly regular 1. Verbascum 



AA. Corolla very irregular, often personate. 



B. Flowers with long spur 2. Linaria 



BB. Flower spurless, but saccate or swollen at the base. . 3. Antirrhinum 

 BBB. Flowers not spurred, saccate, or much swollen. 



c. Stamens 5, but the fifth sterile, often a scale only. 

 D. Sterile filament a little scale on the upper side 



of the corolla: flowers small and dull-colored... 4. Scrophularia 

 DD. Sterile filament elongated: corolla 2-lipped. 



E. Filament shorter than the others: the 2 lips 

 of the corolla but slightly open: seeds 



winged 5. Chelone 



EE. Filament about the same length as the others: 



corolla lip open: seeds wingless 6. Pentstemon 



