ROSALE8. 539 



States, and F. Virginiana of the Eastern United States, are the specie* 

 from which the cultivated Strawberries have been derived, by higli 

 culture and crossing. (Fig. 477.) 



Chamaibittia foliosa of the western slope of the Sierra Nevada Moun- 

 tains in California, is a small fragrant shrub with thrice pinnate leaves, 

 much gathered by tourists, and deserving a place in gardens. 



Cercocarpus ledifoliu,*, the 

 Mountain Mahogany, of Califor- 

 nia, is a shrub or tree, ranging 

 from two to fifteen metres in 

 height (6 to 50 feet). Its heavy 

 dark colored wood is valuable. 



Tribe Rubece. M o s 1 1 y 

 shrubs, differing from the pre- 

 ceding in having fleshy fruits 

 (drupes). 



Rubus Idceus, the Garden Rasp- 

 berry, of Europe, is also cultivat- 

 ed to some extent in this country. Fig. 476. Section of the flower of Rom 



R. OCddentalis, the Black ruMginosa. Natural rise. 

 Raspberry, and R. strigosus, the Red Raspberry, both natives of the 

 Eastern United States, have given rise to the Common Raspberries of 

 our gardens. 



R. fruticosus, the Blackberry, of Europe, is scarcely, if at all culti- 

 vated in this country. R. villosus, the Wild Blackberry, of the Eastern 



United States, is exten- 

 sively cultivated. 



Tribe Quillajece. 

 Trees and shrubs, 

 with mostly simple 

 leaves, dry fruits and 

 winged seeds. Nearly 

 all are natives of Mexico 

 or South America. 



Quillaja saponaria, of 

 Chili, is an evergreen 



f th<S fl Wer f Fragaria vesca - tree, fifteen to eighteen 

 metres (50 to 60 feet) 

 high, whose bark contains Saponin (C 3a H 64 18 ), and is used instead 

 of soap for washing. Under the name of Soap-bark or Quillaja-bark 

 it is imported into this country. 



Tribe Spirceece. Mostly woody plants, of the Northern Hemi- 

 sphere, with dry fruits. The principal genus Spiraea, contains many 

 species, which, being highly ornamental, are commonly planted in 

 flower-gardens. 



