8 CAMEL BRANDS [PT. 



and by some ZAYAD/A (NAFA'IA) as shewn in the dotted line 

 in Fig. 68. 



The KONA'A proper is only the upper (red) half of the brand 

 shewn, the lower half being properly a SAMI' (q.v.). Thus 

 sometimes the whole brand is inaccurately called a SAMI', 

 and sometimes a KONA'A. 

 KU' (Ar. ^yb; pi. KI"AN, o^ = elbow). 



Fig. 69. Very frequently to be seen on the right as the brand of 



KABABfsH (A. HOWAL). 

 Fig. 70. Used by DAR HAMID (HABABIN) and occasionally by 



others as a private brand. (See also FARA and SOWAR.) 

 KU'AZ (see 'UKAZ). 

 KUMFALIT (see KoLfr). 



KURAYT. 



Fig. 71. Not used by Kordofan tribes. Common on BISHARI 



camels. 

 KURBAG (Ar. g-Wj^ ; pi. KERABIG, *>\j> = thong-whip). 



Fig. 72. One, two, or three are used by nearly all SHENABLA 

 (q.v. for details and variations, in Part n), and by the HAMAR 

 (GiHAYsAT and others). It occurs, less often, as a brand 

 of the MEGAN/N (HAYADIRA) and DAR HAMID (FERAHNA 

 TURSHA). 

 KUTFA (Ar. AjJaS = clipping off). 



Fig. 73. When the tip of the ear has been clipped off, this mark 

 is called KUTFA. It is often used by the KAWAHLA (Ni- 



FAYDfA). 



LA'ABAYT. 



An alternative name for the KiLAiD UM HAGGAN of the HOWAWIR 



(q.v.). 

 LAHID (Ar. j^.^ = a swerver). 



Fig. 74. Used by the KABABfsn (BERARA UM GHAYBISH) ; and 



by B. GERAR (GuBARAx NAs WAD MANZUL) on females. 



The former refer to the whole of their brands, viz. the LAniD 



with the DUKKAT on the cheek and the neck collectively as 



* LAniD. The alternative form shewn behind the eye is used 



by the 'ALAYKA section of MA'ALIA. 

 LAM ALIF (Ar. oUI X$, i.e. the letters *). 

 Fig* 75- Used only by the HowAwfR 



