40 CAMEL BRANDS [APP. 



(/) GAMA'I (x<\r. juolft.). An eight-year old. There are now eight 

 permanent teeth, and the canines are half grown. When the 

 camel is nine years old the canines are full grown and it has 

 " a full mouth." 



(/) KALAS (Ar. uJ&). An old male camel. 



HASHI and HOWAR (Ar. ^U. and jt^o*). These terms are not 

 technical and denote no exact age. They correspond to little 

 more than the English " foal." A HOWAR is smaller than a 

 HASHI but neither term would be applied to a camel over two 

 years old. 



KA'UD (pronounced GA'UD, Ar. >>*$). An indefinite term applied 

 to a camel between the age of two and five. A KA'UD is 

 generally considered by the native as old enough to be ridden. 

 ^t five years old the camel is reckoned as full grown for all 

 practical purposes. 



BUKRA (Ar. SjX^). A young female camel that has not been covered. 



NAKA (pronounced NAcA, Ar. i5U). A female camel that has been 

 covered or is of an age to bear. 



IBIL (Ar. JjJ, sometime incorrectly pronounced ILBIL). Camels 

 collectively, or a herd of camels. The term is used to include 

 the males and females of a herd, and would not, for instance, 

 be applied to a convoy of male camels transporting goods. 



CAMBRIDGE: PRINTED BY JOHN CLAY, M.A. AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS 



