160 



MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



upon the opposite bank, from Zufii, of that meager and inconstant desert streamlet known as the 

 Zufii River and in the neighborhood of houses occupied by the present ultra-urban population of 

 the Zufii tribe. 



Explorations were conducted in other ruins in the neighborhood. Some slight digging was 

 done in those on the top of Inscription Rock; but the most work was accomplished at Ileshota- 

 iithla, a ruin on the road to Win gate, some 12 miles in a northwesterly direction from Zufii. 

 Heshota-iithla was in its day a compactly built, many-storied stronghold of stone containing a 



s- &quot;* 



, 



&quot;PART OF NEW MEXICO, 



showing location of modern 



Jfai? roads. 



floods. 



JSridle . 



Towns inJialited fy whiles., 



Xuins of fndian ftieUos. 



InJianpueites or twns, inkaSited 



RIMS OF THE SEVEN CITIES or CIBOLA 



S OTHER RUINS 



FIG. 22. Zufii towns, ruins of Cibola auti other ruins. 



population of probably more than a thousand people. It was not one of the Seven Cities ; but, 

 according to the traditions (corroborated by archteological investigation) of the Zufii Indians, it 

 was occupied by their people in a remote antiquity. From this ruin was derived the greater part 

 of the &quot;Cibola&quot; skeletons described in the second part of the following report. 



In preparing this introduction, the writer has had access to some of Mr. Cushing s notes, 

 especially to the original manuscript of a paper contributed to the Berlin meeting of the Congress 

 of Americanists in October, 1888, and he has consulted a. pamphlet entitled &quot; The old New World,&quot; 

 an account of the explorations of the Ilemenway Southwestern Arclni ological Expedition in 



