CHAPTER XIII 



Vegetable remains in the carboniferous rocks Sternbergia 

 approximata M. Brongniart's " Prodrome d'une Histoire 

 des Ve'ge'taux Fossiles " Mr. Dawes of Birmingham 

 My first sections of Calamites Mr. Binney's investiga- 

 tions M. Grand' Eury My first memoir M. Brong- 

 niart's " Histoire des Ve*getaux Fossiles " Cryptogamic 

 nature of the most ancient fossil plants Exogenous 

 growth in Calamites and Sigillaria Declared by M. 

 Brongniart not to be Cryptogams Mr. Butterworth of 

 Oldham Second memoir Series of memoirs for the 

 Royal Society "On the Organisation of the Fossil 

 " Plants of the Coal Measures " British Association 

 at Edinburgh Controversy in Nature Views of M. 

 Renault, M. Grand' Eury, and the Marquis de Saporta 

 Memoir for the Annales des Sciences Naturelles 

 M. Grand' Eury accepts view that Calamites and Sigil- 

 laria are Cryptogams. 



GEOLOGISTS had long been familiar with some re- 

 markable vegetable remains obtained from the car- 

 boniferous rocks. These were first figured very 

 imperfectly by Sternberg, and again, in 1825, by 

 Artis, under the name of Sternbergia approximata. 

 In 1828 Brongniart noticed these curious fossils in 

 his " Prodrome d'une Histoire des Vdgetaux Fossiles," 



