KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDUNGAR. BAND. 19. N:O 4. 87 



c) Clnvulina c o m m u n i s : 



PNautilus radicula MONTAGU, 1803, Test. Brit. p. 197, t. 14, fig. 6. 



Clavulina communis D'OitB., 182C, Tab. meth.; An. Sc. Nat. 7, p. 268. FmAs Mod. No 10. 



D'OKB., 1846, For. Bass. tert. Vienne, p. 196, t. 12, figg. 12. 



irregularis, communis COSTA, 1854, Pal. Nap. 2, p. 270, t. 2223, figg. 13; fig. 2. 



d) 01 a v. angularis: 



triquetra B.SS., 1869, Oberburg; Wien. Ak. Dksclir. 1. 23. 1, p. 6, t. 1, fig. 1. 



tripleura llss., 1865, Feuerstein-Kreide an. Kanara Sec; Wien. Ak. Site. -Ber. 52, p. 448, 



t. 1, fig. 1. 



Szaboi HKEN., 1875, For. Clav. Szafc. Sch. p. 15, t. 1, fig. 9. 



Philippinica KARR., 1878, Foramf. Luzon.; Bolet. Comis. Mapa geol. del Espafia, 7. 2, 



p. 11, t. E, fig. 4. 

 Clavulina parisiensis D'ORB., 1826, Tab. meth.; Acnd. 'Sc. Nat. 7, p. 268, Mod. 66. 



nodosaria D'ORB., 1839, Cuba p. 110, t. 2, figg. 1920. 



Orthocerina clavulus D'ORB., 1826, Tab. meth.; An. Sc. Nat. 7, p. 255, Mod. 2 (sec. PARK, and 



JONES). 



Clavulina angularis D'ORB., 1826, Tabl. Meth.; Ann. Sc. Nat. 7, p. 268, t. 12, fig. 7. 



tricarinata D'ORB., 1839, Cuba p. Ill, t. 2, figg. 1618. 



CARP., Introduct. t. 11, figg. 17, 18. 



Yiilvulina triangularis D'ORB. var. polyphragma n. 



Tab. XI, figg. 390400. 



Tt is somewhat surprising, that this Clavulina, which is one of the most frequent 

 rhizopodes on our chalk-bottom, has escaped the notice of our many and industrious 

 scrutinizers of the different tertiary strata, amongst the constituents of which this spe- 

 cies also may be anticipated. The loosely agglutinated structure of its shell may have 

 prevented its more extensive preservation during the ages. 



Its Valvulina-stage proper, is ordinarely very short and owing to its strongly 

 agglutinant power the limits and arrangement of its chambers are nearly perfectly 

 masked. This early stage seems sometimes to belong to the rotaline form of Valvulina. 

 Sometimes, but not so frequently, it has a more produced (buliminoid) shape. The 

 most remarkable feature by our form is the high development of its uniserial stage 

 with its regular, handsome lituolina-like, radial subdivisions of the chambers. These 

 subdivisions vary in number from 5 to 10 or rather from 10 to 20, each being sub- 

 divided into two branches. The aperture is usually closed by a thin cribriform lamina. 

 The surface of the shell, even in the young, is often studded with knobs and coarse 

 spines of accumulated chalkdebris. 



The shape of the whole varies from cylindric and clavate to ovoid, and globular. 

 The older ones assume ordinarely the ovoidforra, resulting from the thick deposit of 

 debris, which render the outer layers soft, like white-chalk. It is devoid of siliceous 

 sand; but from the Atlantic Prof. SMITT and D:r LJUNGMAN have braught home large 

 specimens somewhat admixed with real and coarse sandy particles. 



