350 ECHINOCOCCUS VETERINORUM, ILEKIA ECHINOCOCCUS. 



are only varieties of a single species, whose fully developed 

 condition is to be met with in our dogs/'* 



Tsenia echinococcus, first seen by Von Siebold in experi- 

 ments on dogs, is a small tapeworm with only three or four 

 joints, the last of which, in a mature condition, exceeds in 

 size the remaining part of the body. As a rule, their num- 

 ber in the dog's intestine varies from a few to 30 or 40. 



I have seen masses of echinococchi, weighing many pounds, 

 appended to the apex of the heart, others connected with the 

 lungs, liver, spleen, kidney, and the last specimens I obtained 

 were in the cranial bones of a bullock. Echinococchi are far 

 more frequent in Italy, where I have seen them in enormous 

 numbers, than in the United Kingdom, but they are very 

 common in this country also. 



CQENURUS CEEEBEALIS IN CATTLE AND SHEEP; GID, 



STURDY, TURNSICK. 



The very common disease, sturdy or gid of the sheep, 

 Dreh-Krankheit of the Germans, prevails to an extraordinary 

 extent in all parts of the United Kingdom where sheep are 

 kept. There are districts comparatively free from the disease, 

 and others where there is an annual loss of one and two 

 per score among year-old sheep. 



From the very satisfactory explanation of the origin of 



* I have had numerous opportunities of examining echinococchi 

 from man and animals in Italy, as well as in this country, and have 

 very frequently studied them carefully. I have always referred to my 

 own observations in the lecture room as leading me to differ from those 

 who considered that there were two species of echinococcus; and 

 during the past session, before I had the pleasure of reading Dr Leuc- 

 kart's admirable work, I entered at length in the class-room on the 

 supposed but imaginary differences between the echinococchi of man 

 and those of our domestic quadrupeds. 



