466 TETANUS TRISMUS LOCKED-JAW. 



upper cervical muscles ; in a third group of cases one of 

 the fore limbs is affected, and the jerking of one or both 

 fore extremities may be so severe as to interfere with the 

 animal's standing and walking, especially when it first 

 rises from the ground ; in a fourth and last group, most 

 of the voluntary muscles are implicated in the disease, so 

 that there is champing of the jaws, jerking back of the 

 head, spasmodic twitchings of the muscles of the back and 

 of the extremities, and the animal affected, unable to rest, 

 or to stand, or move at ease, is speedily exhausted by the 

 disease. 



In addition to the twitchings of the muscles, we have 

 evidence in chorea of debility, defective nutrition, and a 

 tendency to wasting and prostration of the vital powers. 



The disease has been seen in cattle and horses, but much 

 more rarely than in dogs, and is not often seen in other 

 animals. 



Chorea is apt to become chronic, and in course of time 

 to disappear spontaneously. In other cases it persists 

 with great severity, and much to the animal's inconveni- 

 ence, if not suffering. 



Treatment consists in the use of mild purgatives at the 

 commencement, followed by generous diet, and use of cold 

 water dashed daily on the animal's body. Tonic medicines 

 are the most useful, such as the preparations of iron or of 

 silver. The animals must be kept very quiet, but require 

 regular exercise. Nux vomica, and strychnine have been 

 used with success, but they can be dispensed with in the 

 treatment of chorea. 



TETANUS TEISMUS LOCKED-JAW. 



The domestic animals, and particularly horses, are liable 

 to attacks of general, continued, and fatal spasm of the 



