ESTIMATES AND DISCUSSION. 89' 



are clearer. According to the owner, the white pine causes 

 very little damage to crops growing adjacent to it. 



A small grove of white pine in the same county, 37 years old, now~ 

 contains 1,030 trees to the acre, with a total volume of 7,785 cubic 

 foot, or an annual increment of 210 cubic feet. The trees are growing 

 on first-class upland loam soil, and are very thrifty and well formed. 

 The present average breast-high diameter is 7 inches. 



It is impossible to estimate the present value of this grove, because 

 there are no industries near that might utilize to the best advantage 

 the products of the trees. It is fairly safe to say, however, that 70 

 per cent of the volume of the grove might be utilized for box boards, 

 cutting to a diameter of 4 inches. This material may be valued at 

 $6 per cord, on the stump, while the remainder will be worth $2 for 

 fuel. On this basis the present value of the grove is $415.20 per acre, 

 which represents an annual income, with interest at 4 per cent, of 

 $5.08 per acre. 



SCOTCH PINE. 



The Scotch pine, a native of Europe, and the most important 

 conifer in the lumber trade of Europe, has been considerably planted 

 throughout the Middle West, where it grows rapidly and is extremely 

 useful for ornamental planting. Although it produces well in 

 Europe, examples of successful plantations in this country are 

 extremely rare, and the tree has gained a bad name because of its 

 rather branchy habit and poor development. 



In view of its hardiness and high protection value, it is fortunate 

 that the possibilities of Scotch pine for commercial purposes have 

 n demonstrated in at least one instance. There is a good grove of 



otch pine on rich dark clay loam in a poorly drained situation in 



atonwan County, Minn. The trees were from 35 to 38 feet high 

 at the age of 19 years from seed. The stand contained 1,775 trees 

 per acre, having been planted with about 4,000 trees to the acre. 

 The average diameter breast high was 4.73 inches. The greatest 

 height growth had been made between the ages of 7 and 14 years, 

 when it averaged 29.4 inches per year. 



The volume of the grove was 4,122 cubic feet per acre, or an aver- 

 age annual increment of 217 cubic feet per acre. While the trees 

 at the time of measurement were too small to be of use for anything 

 but fuel, it may readily be seen that the growth of this grove is very 

 promising. In a few years it may be expected to yield a heavy cut 

 of material suitable for box boards. Calculating the fuel value at 

 the present time at $2 per cord, the return is $91.60 per acre, or an 

 annual income, with interest at 4 per cent, of $3.31 per acre. 



There can be no doubt that when planted closely on moist situa- 

 tions Scotch pine will grow rapidly and in good form, and may 

 readily compete with any of the native conifers in volume increment. 



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