6 



White Pine: One of the most rapid-growing evergreen trees. Will 

 grow on any except a poorly drained soil. A good windbreak tree 

 when spaced 10 feet apart, in rows 12 feet apart. Produces saw lum- 

 ber in 40 to 50 years. For this purpose it should be spaced 8x8 

 feet apart. Will endure a slight amount of shading when young. 



Red Pine: Fairly rapid growth. Good for any but a wet soil. 

 Will not endure shading. 



Austrian Pine: Very hardy. Good for dry situations. Slower in 

 growth than the white pine. Will not stand shading. 



Western Yellow Pine: A hardy western tree suitable for dry situ- 

 ation. Similar to the red pine but of slower growth. Very intolerant 

 of shade. 



Norway Spruce: The best spruce for Iowa planting. Has a dense 

 foliage and branches to the gyound. Will stand shading. Should 

 not be planted on very dry situations. 



White Cedar: A shade-enduring evergreen of slow growth, making 

 a good shelterbelt tree. It is not suitable for dry upland planting 

 but will endure rather wet soils. 



Red Cedar: A good windbreak tree. Suitable for very dry situa- 

 tions and soils of poor quality. Should not be planted near apple 

 trees because of fungus trouble. Will stand shading. 



European Larch: A tall, straight tree suitable for planting on 

 good soils. Intolerant of shade. Not best for winter protection, since 

 it sheds its leaves annually. Produces good pole timber. 



Other evergreens which might be planted, but which are less de- 

 sirable than the above, are the jack pine, Scotch pine, white spruce, 

 and Douglas fir. 



Broadleaf trees which might profitably be planted are the following: 



Cotton wood: The fastest growing tree in Iowa. Good for quick 

 results, but short-lived. Intolerant of shade. Will make fence posts* 

 in six years and saw logs in 25 years on good soil. 



Soft Maple: Fairly rapid grower. Will stand close spacing, and 

 some shading. Short-lived. Can be utilized for fence posts (creo- 

 soted) and for fuel. 



Hardy Catalpa: A small tree requiring full light. Good for fence 

 posts. Should not be planted on exposed situations in northwestern 

 Iowa without protection of other rows of trees. 



Black Walnut: A fairly rapid grower, forming an open stand. Re- 

 quires a moist soil. Is very intolerant of shade. Valuable for lumber 

 but does not make a very effective windbreak tree, due to the thin- 

 ness of its foliage. 



Honey Locust: A fairly rapid grower. Intolerant of shade. Makes 

 good posts. 



Osage Orange: Not hardy in northern half of Iowa. A good fence 

 post tree. Intolerant of shade. 



Russian Mulberry: A small tree, giving protection close to the 

 ground. Very tolerant and drought resistant. Not hardy in northern 

 Iowa. Wood very durable. 



Green Ash: A medium-sized tree of moderate growth and quite 

 hardy. Makes fair fence posts. 



A large number of hardwood trees might be added to the above 

 list, but in planting, care should be taken to select only those trees 

 adapted to the local climatic and soil conditions. 



'Cottonwood posts are not durable unless treated with a preservative. 



