INSECTS INJURIOUS TO SHADE TREES. 73 



Remedial Measures. 



This species is ordinarily kept in check by its natural 

 enemies ; but sometimes it escapes and becomes conspicuously 

 abundant. It is always well, where easily accessible twigs 

 are observed with forming white cottony masses in June, 

 to cut them off and destroy them by fire, and ordinarily 



needs no 



this may in ordinary seasons be all that is neces- control. 

 sary. If the infestation is very bad, cut off an infested twig 

 in late June and lay it in a box on a sheet of white paper. 

 When the paper becomes covered with rusty crawling dust- 

 like particles the young are hatching, rhen spray the infested 

 portions of the tree with whale-oil soap, 1 pound in 4 gallons 

 of water, or with kerosene emulsion 1 part to 12 parts of 

 water. (See also page 78.) 



THE WOOD LEOPARD MOTH. 



Plate V., Figs. 4, 4a, 4b, 4c. 



This insect winters in the caterpillar stage in the wood of a 

 great variety of deciduous shade and fruit trees, favoring 

 maple and elm among the former. They live in the trees as 

 borers for two full years, and in the spring of the third 

 change to a pupa and then to an adult which is a large white 

 moth with black spots, the males being strongly Attacks 

 attracted to the electric light. The full-grown S?g^J, n J ut 

 borer is two inches or more in length and often locally. 

 girdles branches of considerable size, or even the trunks of 

 small trees. It is common only in the cities and towns in 

 the east central part of the State from Paterson to Long 

 Branch and west to ^ew Brunswick, doing its greatest mis- 

 chief in the largest cities where the English sparrows exclude 

 the native birds. 



