INSECTS INJURIOUS TO SHADE TREES. 75 



Remedial Measures. 



There is only one period at which this insect can be satis- 

 factorily reached; that is when the eggs have just hatched, 

 and while the larvae are moving about or have just set. The 

 exact date cannot be given because it varies with the season 

 and with the section of the State ; but it will be during late 

 May or early June. As soon as the larvae are Spray at 

 observed, spray with whale-oil soap at the rate right time - 

 of 1 pound in 5 gallons of water, or kerosene emulsion 1 part 

 to 12 parts of water. Repeat if possible a week afterward, 

 to reach delayed larvae. This will usually prove effective, 

 and will aid the natural enemies in getting control of the 

 insects. Winter sprays are not useful against this species 

 because the eggs are not affected beneath their scaly covering. 



THE FALL WEB-WORM. 

 Plate V., Figs. 1, la, Ib, Ic, Id. 



This species winters in the pupal stage, and early in May 

 the adult moth appears as a medium sized snow-white miller, 

 sometimes more or less black dotted. It lays its eggs in a 

 mass on the underside of a leaf, and the little caterpillars 

 that hatch from them remain together, spinning Attacks 

 a web in which they live and from which they Snouf~ 

 emerge at night to feed. As they grow, the * rees - 

 nest increases in size and may measure two or even three feet 

 across, in large colonies. In July these caterpillars are ma- 

 ture, pupate and soon after produce a second crop of moths 

 which in turn lay eggs from which caterpillars hatch in Au- 

 gust, the nests becoming conspicuous late in that month or 

 early in September. Because most people notice them only 

 at that season they have received the name fall web-worm 



