SHADE TREES. 



197 



Some of the more common wood fungi are given in the following list. 

 This list is by no means complete as there are innumerable deadwood 

 species belonging to many different genera which it is unnecessary to 

 give. Even some of those listed, e.g., the common birch Polyporus, are 

 seldom if ever found except on dead trees. 



Most of the wood-destroying fungi develop conspicuous fruiting organs 

 that make them easy to identify. Molds and bacteria are also responsible 

 for hastening decay in trees, often preparing the way for other organisms. 



Armillaria mellea Vahl. A parasite mushroom affecting the roots of maples, 

 oaks and other trees. 



Dcedalea quercina (L.) Pers. Occurs in wounds and on dead tissues of the oak 

 and chestnut. 



Forties igmarius (L.) Gillet. False timber fungus. This is responsible for a 

 heart-wood rot common to a large 

 variety of trees, such as maple, 

 oak, hickory, poplar, beech and 

 others. 



Forties rimosus Berk. Common 

 on the black locust, where it forms 

 large, conspicuous fruiting bodies. 



Fames fomentarhis (L.) Fr. 

 Occurs on the beech and yellow 

 birch, probably as a saprophyte. 



Fames applanatus (Pers.) "Wallr. 



A deadwood fungus often fol- 

 lowing injury from fire, etc. 



Fames pinicola Fr. Causes a 

 decay of conifers. 



Hydnum septentrionale Fr. A 

 large, creamy white growth occur- 

 ring on wounds of rock maple. 



Pleurotus sapidus Fr. Oyster 

 mushroom (edible). Occurs on 

 maples, elms, etc., injured by borers 

 and on neglected wounds. 



Polyporus sulphureus (Bull.) Fr. 



Red heart rot. Occurs on vari- 

 ous trees, such as oak, maple, locust 

 and conifers. Fruiting bodies con- 

 sist of a series of sulfur-colored 



shelves overlapping one another and forming a large, round mass. 



Polyporus betulinus (Bull.) Fr. Common on dead birches. 



Polyporus gilvus Schw. On deadwood. 



Polyporus nigricans. A wound and heartwood fungus. 



Polyporus borealis (Wahl.) Fr. A wound parasite on species of hemlock. 



Polystictus versicolor Fr. One of the most common fungi, found on a great 

 variety of trees and cut timber. Very destructive as a saprophyte, and as a wound 

 parasite causes injury to catalpa. 



Polystictus pergamenus Fr. Common on trunks of trees following fires. 



Schizophyllum commune Fr. Common on trees injured from various causes. 



Stereum frustulosum Fr. Causes decay to trunks and occasionally found in 

 wounds, etc. 



FI<T. 69. Hydnum septentrionate. 

 A. White.) 



(After E. 



