202 MASS. JCXPMMMI AT STATION IllLLKTIN 170. 



CIUNW th- l..p 



effect fl seen 



Hills to produce foha^e, and the character! tic 



(See Kitf. K-.) \\e have observed elm trees I 

 ] )1|;imi . ,,.,. ,| 1( . uddenlj frOffl Winter injuries to the roots, l.ul more 



often death fn.m n.ot Injury m elmi is a rather iloti procew, the branohei 



,| xl ni'. al the lop ami usually 



.liiiriictcriBtio staghead 



Klms :llll | |,| ;ir k osiUs oil,-., slum Hi- results nl root injury by tufted 

 , peciatyf rhw much of theupper P.-M-I >i' the tree la 



Fl>. 78. Kim branch with tufii-il foli:nr', nHnl!ln>i: from winterkilling. 

 i of tlu> lir:iucl\'H on tlilH trro arc dcMil. 



The I'rw riMiiMiniiii'; li\c lirnnclu's produci 1 nunu % rous IMTI^C LeaVOB, 

 tlu rcsull of MM unl>:il;mrr<l ivlnl ionship IxMwcvn I he root system and 

 Ilie upper portions of the live. In nil cnsos o! foot injury those portions 

 of the live further ; ,\VM\ from the \v:iter supply, or. inoiv properly, those 

 \\lueh ;ire in le >mnnmir:ition \\ith Hie 111:1111 or principal ehan 



nels of ti:in-lor;tion or inol>ih/.;ihon, are MtVreted lirsl. In trees naturally 

 lo loaders, Mieh us Ihe rofk mnple, the tops di(> hack lirst , 

 \\hereMs in th(> elm. \\lueh h:is --ever:d leadiM's or lr.Mnehes located more or 



