LECTURE XXIV. 



OTHER cones are found on the pine which in contradistinction to 

 the pollen-cones are called seed-cones. Like the former they are 

 found among the dwarf shoots at the ends of the branches ; but 

 while the pollen-cones are found in groups replacing groups of dwarf 

 shoots, the seed-cones occur in small numbers and are formed at 

 the end of the annual growth replacing lateral shoots of unlimited 

 growth. The pollen-cones persist only for a single season and then 



FIG. 65. Pinus silvestris, young 

 seed-cone surrounded by short 

 shoots, x 4. 



FIG. 66. Pinus silvestris young 

 seed-cone, longitudinal section, 

 x 37. c, seed-scale (carpel); 

 e, embryo-sac ; /, bract-scale ; 

 o, ovule (megasporangium) ; 

 5, scale. 



fall off, after the pollen is shed, leaving a bare region on the stem, 

 while the seed-cones remain attached for three seasons, and are to 

 be seen in the first, second and third year of their development 

 adhering to the same branch separated from one another by a 

 season's growth. During this development their appearance 

 changes profoundly. The young seed-cone is found beside the 

 apex of a branch ; it resembles a small green bud and is egg- 

 shaped. As it grows its green becomes tinged with crimson, and 



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