SOILS, 35 



the following, in most cases, are the soils 

 and their substrata found in situations fit for 

 the produce of timber, and in which some 

 of the ligneous tribes will not fail to exu- 

 berate. 



Light, sandy, or gravelly soils, on a free 

 porous subsoil. Sandy or gravelly loams, 

 on a porous subsoil. Sandy, gravelly, or 

 loamy soils, on a retentive subsoil. Chalky 

 loam, or gravelly chalk, on a porous sub- 

 soil. Loamy clay, on a porous subsoil. 

 Clayey loam, on a porous subsoil. Strong, 

 loamy, or clayey soils, on a retentive sub- 

 soil. Thin, heathy, moorish soils, on a gra- 

 velly or other porous subsoil. And thin, 

 heathy, moorish soils, on a clayey or other 

 retentive subsoil. 



ALDER. 



This tree, although found in highest per- 

 fection in wet spungy soils, and even in 

 standing water, will grow freely, and flourish 

 in sandy, gravelly, elevated lands ; where, 

 however, its tendency is to impoverish the 

 soil, and rob all other plants of food ; being sa- 

 tiated by a superabundance of moisture only. 



