200 THE PRACTICAL PLANTER. 



been pruned, or have been pruned injudi- 

 ciously. 



But if trees, intended for this purpose, are 

 properly kept in training a year or two ; 

 kept light in the head, upright, and single 

 in the stem ; there can be no good reason 

 assigned for lopping them over entirely. If 

 shrubs or bushes are required, why not plant 

 them ? 



, All being ready, the plants are to be raised 

 in this manner Throw out a trench, beyond 

 that thrown out in tapping, &c. quite as deep, 

 and somewhat wider ; bare the surface of the 

 ball until the roots appear, using a round- 

 pronged fork ; clear the trench to the bottom 

 all round ; work under the edges of the ball, 

 so as to be below all the roots, as far as the 

 spade can go ; if not now quite loose, apply 

 two or three broad-faced levers, by which 

 gently raise up the ball, a person disengaging 

 the roots with the spade ; raise it to the level 

 of the adjacent surface, by thrusting through 

 the levers or spokes; divest it of all loose 

 particles of earth, which, by falling in the 

 carriage, might break oflf fibres. I novy 

 proceed to 



