206 FOREST CULTURE AND 
Pinus grandis, Dougl.—Great Silver Fir of North 
California. A splendid fir, two hundred feet high, 
and upward, growing best in moist valleys of high 
ranges ; the wood is white and soft. 
Pinus Haleppensis, Mill. — Aleppo Pine. South 
Kurope and North Africa. This well-known pine at- 
tains a height of eighty feet, with a stem of from four 
to five feet in diameter. The timber of young trees 
is white, of older trees of a dark color ; it is principal- 
ly esteemed for ship-building, but also used for furni- 
ture. The tree yields a kind of Venetian turpentine, 
as well as a valuable tar. It thrives well in waterless, 
‘rocky places, also on the sandy sea-coast. P. mariti- 
ma is a variety of this species. Content with the 
poorest and driest localities, and rapid of growth. 
Pinus Hartwegii, Lindl.—Mexico, nine thousand 
to thirteen thousand feet above sea-level. A pine, 
fifty feet in height, with a very durable wood of a 
reddish color; it yields a large quantity of resin. 
Pinus Larix, L.—Common Larch ; deciduous, On 
the European Alps up to seven thousand feet. It 
attains a height of one hundred feet, sometimes ris- 
ing even up one hundred and sixty feet, and produ- 
ces a valuable timber of great durability, which is 
used for land and water buildings, and much prized 
for ship-building. The bark is used for tanning and 
dyeing. The tree is of great importance for its yield 
of the Venetian turpentine, which is obtained by bor- 
ing holes into itin Spring; these fill during the Sum- 
mer, supplying from one half to three fourths pint of 
turpentine, In Piedmont, where they tap the tree 
in different places, and let the liquid continually run, 
it is said that from seven to eight may be obtained in 
