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76 FOREST CULTURE AND 
Carthamus tinctorius, L.—From Egypt to India. 
The Safflower. A tall, annual, rather handsome herb. 
The florets produce yellow, rosy, ponceau and other 
red shades of dye, according to various admixtures. 
Pigment principles: carthamin and carthamus-yel- 
low. For domestic purposes it yields a dye ready at 
hand from any garden. In India the Carthamus is 
also cultivated for the sake of the oil, which can be 
pressed from the seeds. 
Carum Ajowan, Bentham. (Ptyehotis Ajowan, 
Candolle.) —India. The fruits of this annual herb 
form an excellent culinary condiment, with the flavor 
of thyme. Its peculiar oil is accompanied by cymol 
and Thymol. 
Carum Carui, L.—The Caraway-plant. Perennial. 
Europe, North and Middle Asia. It might be natu- 
ralized in our Alps and also along oursea-shores. The 
Caraway-oil is accompanied by two chemical princi- 
ples: carven and carvol. 
Carum ferulifolium, Koch. (Bunium ferulifolium, 
Desfont.) — A perennial herb of the Mediterranean 
regions. The small tubers are edible. 
Carum Petroselinum, Bentham. (Apium Petrose- 
linum, L.)—The Parsley. The biennial well-known 
herb, indigenous to South Europe and the Orient. 
Essential oil peculiar with Stearopten. 
Caryota urens, L.—India. One of the hardier Palms, 
ascending, according to Dr. Thomas Anderson, the 
Himalayas to an altitude of 5,000 feet, yet even there 
attaining a considerable height, though the tempera- 
ture sinks in the cooler season to 40° Fahrenheit. 
The trunk furnishes a sago-like starch. This Palm 
flowers only at an advanced age, and after having pro- 
