280 FOREST CULTURE AND 
ling River to Carpentaria and Arnheim’s Land. A tall 
perennial herb, furnishing a nutritious and palatable 
spinach, It will live in arid, desert regions. 
Chenopodium Quinoa, Willdenow. — From New 
Granada to Chile. A large-leaved, quick-growing an- 
nual species, cultivated for the sake of its amylaceous 
seeds, but perhaps of more value as a culinary vege- 
table. 
Cicer arietinum, L.— South Europe and Orient. 
The Gram. An annual herb, valuable as a pulse for 
pasture animals. The seeds can also be converted 
into pea-meal, or be used otherwise for culinary pur- 
poses. 
Cichorium Endivia, L.— South Europe, Orient, 
Middle Asia. A biennial plant, used since ancient 
times as a culinary vegetable. 
Cichorium Intybus, L.—Chiccory. A well-known 
perennial plant, indigenous to Europe, North Africa, 
“and North and West Asia. The roots can be used as 
a substitute for coffee. This plant requires a rich, 
deep, loamy soil, but fresh manure is detrimental to 
the value of the root. It is also a good fodder-plant, 
especially for sheep. The root can also be dressed and 
boiled for culinary purposes. ‘The leaves useful for 
salad. 
Cimicifuga racemosa, Elliot.—The Black Snake-root 
of North America. A perennial herb of medicinal 
value, the root possessing emetic properties. 
Cinchona Calisaya, Ruiz.—Yellow Peru-bark tree. 
Andes of Peru and Bolivia, 5,000 to 6,000 feet above 
the ocean, This tree attains a height of 40 feet. It 
yields the yellow bark, and also part of the crown- 
bark. Itis one of the richest yielders of quinine, 
and produtes, beside, cinchonidin, 
