286 FOREST CULTURE AND 
Citrus Japonica, Thunberg.—The Kumquat of Ja- 
pan. A shrubby Citrus with fruits of the size of a 
gooseberry, from which, on account of their sweet peel 
and acid pulp, an excellent preserve can be prepared. 
Cochlearia Armoracia, L.—The Horseradish. Mid- 
dle Europeand Western Asia. Perennial. The vola- 
tile oil of the root allied to that of mustard. 
Cochlearia officinalis, L.— Shores of Middle and 
North Europe, North Asia, and North America. A 
biennial herb, like the allied C. anglica and C. danica, 
valuable as an anti-scorbutic ; hence deserving natu- 
ralization. It contains a peculiar volatile oil. 
Coffea Arabica, L.—Mountains of South-west Ab- 
yssinia. The Coffee-plant. This shrub or small tree 
has been admitted into this list not without great 
hesitation, merely not to be passed. The cultivation 
within Victorian boundary can only, with any pros- 
pect of success, be tried in the warmest and simulta- 
neously moistest regions, such as East Gipps Land, 
frost being detrimental to the coffee-plant. In Cey- 
lon, the coffee regions are between 1,000 and 5,000 
feet above the ocean ; but Dr. Thwaites observes that 
the plant succeeds best at an elevation of 3,000 to 
4,500 feet, in places where there is a rain-fall of about 
100 inches a year. The temperature there rises hardly 
ever above 80 degrees F., and almost never sinks be- 
low 45 degrees F. Coffee requires moist weather while 
it ripens its fruit, and a season of dryer weather 
to form its wood. For further particulars see the 
papers of the Planters’ Association of Kandy. Chem- 
ical principles: coffein, a peculiar tannic acid, and 
quina acid. 
Colchicum auctumnale, L.—Middle and South Eu- 
