288 FOREST CULTURE AND 
not be allowed to stray from its plantations, as it is 
apt to be confounded with culinary species of Anthris- 
cus, Cherophyllum, and Myrrhis, and may thus cause, 
as a most dangerous plant, disastrous mistakes. Act- 
ive principles: coniin; in the fruit also conhydrin. 
Conopodium denudatum, Koch.—Western Europe. 
The small tuberous roots of this herb, when boiled or 
roasted, are available for food, and known as earth 
chestnuts. The plant is allied to Carum Bulbocasta- 
num. 
Convolvulus floridus, L. fil. —Canary Island. A 
shrubby, not climbing or winding species. With the 
following it yields the Atlantic rosewood from stem 
and root. 
Convolvulus scoparius, L. fil.—Teneriffe. One of 
the rosewood plants. 
Convolvulus Scammonia, L. — Mediterranean re- 
gions and Asia Minor. A perennial herb. From the 
root is obtained the purgative resin scammonia. 
Corchorus capsularis, L. — From India to Japan. 
One of the principal jute plants. An annual, attain- 
ing a height of about a dozen feet, when closely 
grown, with almost branchless stem. A nearly allied 
but lower plant, Corchorus Cunninghami, F. v. Muel- 
ler, occurs in tropical and sub-tropical East Australia. 
Jute can be grown where cotton and rice ripen, be it 
even in localities comparatively cold in the Winter, 
if the Summer’s warmth is long and continuous. The 
fibre is separated by steeping the full-grown plant in 
water from five to eight days, and it is largely used 
for rice and cotton-bags, carpetsand other similar tex- 
tile fabrics, and also for ropes. About 60,000 tons 
are annually exported from India to England, and a 
