3864 FOREST CULTURE AND 
crop cannot be produced. The seeds are but small, 
and the herb is not available for fodder. This plant 
requires no irrigation, and ripens in two and a half to 
three months. The grain tastes well, and is esteemed 
wholesome. The harvest is about thirtyfold. 
Phaseolus vulgaris, L.*— The ordinary Kidney 
Bean, or French Bean, or Haricot. India, from 
whence it came to Europe, through the conquest of 
Alexander the Great; but apparently it is also wild 
in North-western Australia. Though this common 
and important culinary annual is so well known, it 
has been deemed desirable to refer to it here with a 
view of reminding that the Kidney Bean is nearly 
twice as nutritive as wheat. The meal from beans 
might also find far augmented use. As constituents 
of the beans should be mentioned a large proportion 
of starch (nearly half); then much Legumin}; also 
some Phaseolin (which, like Amygdalin, can be con- 
verted into an essential oil), and Inosit-Sugar. Len- 
tils contain more Legumin, but less starch, while peas 
and beans are, in respect to the proportion of these 
two nourishing substances, almost alike. Phaseolus 
nanus, L., the Dwarf Bean, and P. tumidus, Savi, 
the Sugar Bean, or Sword Bean, or Egg Bean, are 
varieties of P. vulgaris. Several other species of Pha- 
seolus seem worthy of culinary culture. 
Phleum pratense, L.*— The Cat’s-tail, or Timothy 
Grass. Europe, North Africa, North and Middle Asia. 
One of the most valuable of all perennial fodder- 
grasses. Its production of early spring -herbage is 
superior to that of the Cock’s-foot grass. It should 
enter largely into any mixture of grasses for perma- 
nent pasturage. It will live also on moist and cold 
