372 FOREST CULTURE AND 
drought. It forms excellent sward, and with advan< 
tage can be used for intermixing it with other pas- 
ture-grasses. 
Poa trivialis, L.* — Europe, North Africa, Middle 
and Northern Asia. Also a good perennial grass for 
mixture on pasture-land. One of the best grasses for 
sowing on ground recently laid dry. Sinclair regard- 
ed the produce of this Poa as superior over many oth- 
er kinds, and noticed the marked partiality which 
horses, oxen, and sheep evince toward it. To thrive 
well it wants rather moist and rich soil and sheltered 
places. 
These few species of Poa have been singled out as 
recommendable, because they are well tested. Fu- 
‘ture experiments beyond Europe will add others to 
lists of recommendations like this. 
Podophyllum peltatum, L.— North America. A 
perennial forest-herb, not without importance for me- 
dicinal purposes. ‘The root contains the bitter alka- 
loid Berberin. Podophyllum Emodi, Wall., occurring 
in the Indian mountains, at a height from 6,000 to 
14,000 feet, can probably be used like the American 
species. The berries of both are edible, though the 
root and leaves are poisonous. 
Pogostemon Patchouli, Pellet. — Mountains of In- 
dia. A perennial herb, famed for its powerful scent, 
arising from a volatile oil. P. parviflorus, Benth., 
and P. Heyneanus, Benth., belong to this species. 
Polygala Senega, L.—North America. <A perennial 
herb. The root isof medicinal value; its acrid prin- 
ciple is Saponin. 
Prangos pabularia, Lindley.—Plateaus of Mongolia 
and Tibet. A perennial fodder-herb, much relished 
