388 FOREST CULTURE AND 
or, from 250 pounds to 300 pounds of rose-petals are 
required, according to some calculations, for produc- 
ing a single ounce of attar, through ordinary distilla- 
tion. The flowers require to be cut just before ex- 
pansion; the calyx is separated and rejected ; the 
remaining portions of the flowers are then subjected 
to aqueous distillation, and the saturated rose-water, 
so obtained, is repeatedly used for renewed distilla- 
tion, when, from the overcharged water, the oil sep- 
arates on a cold place, and fioats-on the surface. But 
some other methods exist for producing the oil ; for 
instance, it may be got by distilling the rosebuds with- 
out water, at the heat ofa salt-water bath. The odor 
may also be withdrawn by alcoholic distillation from 
the roses, or be extracted by the ‘‘ enfluerage’’ pro- 
cess. The latter is effected by placing the flowers, 
collected while the weather is warm, into shallow 
frames, covered with a glass-plate, on the inner side 
of which a pure, fatty substance has been thinly 
spread. The odor of the flowers is absorbed by the 
adipose or oleous substance, though the blossoms do not 
come in direct contact with it; fresh flowers are sup- 
plied daily for weeks. The scent is finally withdrawn 
from its matrix by maceration with pure alcohol. Mr. 
. Joseph Bosisto’s method for obtaining the most deli- 
cate and precious volatile oils will likely be applicable 
also to the rose, and prove more advantageous, both in 
labor and gain, than any other process. Purified 
eucalyptus-oil can be used for diluting rose-oil, when 
it is required for the preparation of scented soap. 
Rosa Damascena, Miller. — Orient. Allied to the 
preceding species, and also largely used for the pro- 
duction of essential oil of roses. 
