412 FOREST CULTURE AND 
from the tropical coast-parts of Australia to East Gipps 
Land. Neither this nor the East Australian S. gly- 
cyphylla, Smith, nor the New Zealand Ripogonum 
scandens, Forst., have ever been subjected to accurate 
therapeutic tests, and the same may be said of nu- 
merous other Smilaces, scattered through the warmer 
countries of the globe. The Italiansarsaparilla, which 
is derived from the Mediterranean S. aspera, L., has 
been introduced into medicine. 
Smyrnium Olusatrum, L.—The Alisander. Middle 
and South Europe, North Africa, Western Asia. A 
biennial herb, which, raw or boiled, can be utilized in 
the manner of celery. The roots and the fruitlets 
serve medicinal purposes. 
Solanum A<thiopicum, L.—Tropical Africa. Cul- 
tivated there and elsewhere on account of its edible 
berries, which are large, red, globular, and uneven. 
The plant is annual. 
Solanum Duleamara, L.—Middle and South Eu- 
rope, North Africa, Middle Asia. A trailing half- 
shrub, with deciduous leaves. The stems are used 
in medicine, and contain two alkaloids: Dulcamarin 
nd Solanin. 
Solanum edule, Schum. and Thonn.—Guinea, The 
berry is of the size of an apple, yellow and edible. 
Solanum indigoferum, St. Hilaire.—Southern Bra- 
zil, A dye-shrub, deserving here trial-culture. 
Solanum Gilo, Raddi. — Tropical America ; much 
cultivated there for the sake of its large, spherical, 
orange-colored berries, which are eatable. 
Solanum Lycopersicum, L. (Lycopersicum escu- 
lentum, L).—The Tomato. South America. Several 
varieties exist, differing in shape and color of the ber- 
