440 FOREST CULTURE AND 
phyllum, Mart., all occurring on the Bolivian Andes 
at an elevation of about 8,000 feet—Ceroxylon andi- 
cola, Humb., Kunthia montana, Humb., Oreodoxa 
frigida, Humb., and Geonoma densa, Linden, reach 
also on the Andes of New Granada a height of, at 
least, 8,000 feet—Ceroxylon Klopstockia, Mart., ad- 
vances on the Andes of Venezuela to a zone 7,500 
feet altitude, where Karsten saw stems 200 feet high 
with leaves 24 feet long! There also occur Syagrus 
Sancona, Karst., and Platenia Chiragua, Karst., at 
elevations of 5,000 feet, both very lofty palms. From 
the temperate mountain regions of sub-tropical Mex- 
ico are known among others: Chamedora concolor, 
Mart., Copernicia Pumos, Humb., C. nana, Kunth, 
and Brahea dulcis, Mart., at elevations from 7,000 
feet to 8,000 feet. 
Xanthorrhiza apiifolia, 1’ Herit.—North America. 
A perennial, almost shrubby plant, of medicinal value. 
The root produces a yellow pigment, similar to that 
of Hydrastis Canadensis, L. Both contain also Ber- 
berin. 
Ximenia Americana, L.—Tropical Asia, Africa, and 
America, passing, however, the tropics in Queensland, 
and gaining also an indigenous position in Florida. 
This bush may, therefore, accommodate itself to our 
clime in localities free of frost. The fruits are edible, 
resembling yellow plums in appearance ; their taste 
is agreeable. The wood is scented. 
Yucca filamentosa, L.—The Adam’s Needle. From 
Carolina and Florida to Texas and Mexico. An al- 
most stemless species. It would hardly be right to 
omit here the plants of this genus altogether, as they 
furnish a fiber of great strength, similar to that of the 
