474 FOREST CULTURE AND 
feet. The root and foliage of this kale afford an es- 
culent. C. Kotschyana, Boiss, is an allied plant. 
Crateegus Azarolus, Linné.—Welsh Medlar, South 
Europe and South-west Asia. The pleasantly-acidu- 
lous fruits are much used for preserves. 
Crocus serotinus, Salisbury. (C. odorus, Bivona.) 
—South Europe. Also this species produces Saffron 
rich in pigment. The bulbs of several are edible. 
Cudrania Javensis, Trecul.—New South Wales and 
Queensland, south and east Asia to Japan, east Af- 
rica. This climbing, thorny shrub ean be utilized for 
hedges. Fruit edible, of pleasant taste ; the root fur- 
nishes a yellow dye. 
Cymopterus glomeratus, Candolle.— Western States 
of North America. Root edibie. (Dr. Rosenthal.) 
Cynodon Dactylon, Persoon.* — Widely dispersed 
over the warmer parts of the globe, thus as indige- 
nous reaching the northern parts of our colony. An 
important grass for covering bare, barren land, or bind- 
ing drift-sand, or keeping together the soil of abrupt 
declivities, or consolidating earth-banks against floods. 
It is not without value as a pasture-grass, resists ex- 
treme drought, and may become of great importance 
to many desert-tracts. The dispersion is best effected 
by the creeping, rooting stems, cut into short pieces ; 
each of these takes root readily. In arable land this 
grass, when once established, cannot easily be sub- 
dued. The stems and roots are used in Italy for pre- 
paring there the Mellago graminis. Roxburgh al- 
ready declared this grass to be by far the most com- 
mon and useful of India; that it flowers all the year, 
and that it forms three fourths of the food of the 
cows and horses there, . 
