516 FOREST CULTURE AND 
are almond-like, of filbert taste, and wholesome. The ; 
astringent fruits of several other species form an article 
of trade, sought for a lasting black dye. 'T. parviflo- 
ra, Thwaites, forms a large tree in Ceylon, at eleva- 
tions up to 4,000 feet. 
Tetranthera Californica, Hooker and Arnott.* (Or- 
eodaphne Californica, Nees.) —Oregon and California, 
where it is called the Mountain Laurel or Bay - tree. 
On the banks of rivers attaining a height of 100 
feet, throughout pervaded by a somewhat camphoric 
odor. Wood hard, close-grained, durable, susceptible 
of a high polish, easily worked, used for superior floor- 
ing, turnery, and manifold other select work. The 
tree is easily cultivated, and of comparatively quick 
growth (Dr. Behr and Dr. Bolander). 
Tetranthera calophylla, Miquel. (Cylicodaphne 
sebifera, Blume. )—Mountains of Java and the Neil- 
gherries. From the kernels of the berries a tallow-like 
fat is pressed for the manufacture of candles. The 
yield is comparatively large. Trial cultures with 
this tree might be instituted in our humid forest-val- 
leys. TT. laurifolia, Jacq., of tropical Asia and Aus- 
tralia, and T. japonica, Sprengel, are noted as simi- 
larly utilitarian. 
Thapsia edulis, Bentham. (Monizia edulis, Lowe.) 
—On the island of Deserte grande, near Madeira, 
where it is called the Carrct-tree. It might be of 
some use to bring this almost shrubby umbellate to 
the cliffs of our shores; though the root is inferior to 
a carrot, perhaps cultivation would improve it. 
Theligonum cynocrambe, Linné.—Countries around 
the Mediterranean Sea. An annual spinach plant of 
somewhat aperient effect. 
