XX 



LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 



253. Shoot of holly injured: 



by Pcedisca ophthalmi- 

 cana .... 266 



254. "Leading" bud of Scots 



pine injured by larva 



of Retinia turionana . 269 



255. " Leading shoot " of young 



Scots pine injured by 

 larva of Retinia buoli- 

 ana . . . . 269 



256. Retinia buoliana, male and 



female . . .269 



257. Gall of resin on Scots 



pine caused by Retinia 

 resiriella . . .270 



258. Retinia resinella . . 271 



259. Hyponomeuta evonymellus 272 



260. Web and empty pupal 



cases of Hyponomenta 

 evonymellus . . .272 



261. Leading bud of ash-tree 



injured by larva of 

 Prays curtisellus . . 274 



262. Young ash-tree " forked " 



by larva of Prays curtis- 

 ellus . . . .274 



263. Prays curtisellus : its life- 



history after Judeich 



and Nitsche . . 275 



264. Leaves of osier drawn 



together by larva of 

 Depressaria contermin- 

 ella .... 276 



265. Shoots of broom drawn 



together by larvae of 

 Depressaria assimilella. 277 



266. Tops of young larch-trees 



injured by larvae of 

 Argyrestlxia Icevigatella 278 



267. Leaf of lilac injured by 



the mining larvae of 

 Gracillaria syringella . 280 



268. Normal foliage of larch . 282 



269. Foliage of larch injured 



by larva? of Coleophora 

 laricella . . . 282 



270. Coleophora laricella: pupal 



case and moth . . 283 



271. Coleophora sp. on birch . 284 



272. Typical blotch of Litho- 



colletis on oak leaf . 285 



273. Injuries to foliage of holm 



oak by larva? of Litho- 

 colletis rnessanietta . 286 



274. Foliage of laburnum in- 



jured bylarvse of Cemi- 

 ostoma laburnella . 288 



APHIDID.E (Green-fly). 



275. Wing of AjjMs sambuci . 292 



276. Wing of Schizoneura ulmi 292 



277. Wing of Pemphigus pal- 



lidas . . . ' . 292 



278. Wing of Chermes abietis . 292 



279. Terminal shoot of wild 



cherry injured byllyzus 

 cerasi . . . .297 



280. Melanoxanthus solids . 300 



281. Eggs of Aphis cratcegi on 



thorn . . .' . 302 



282. Aphis cratcegi . . . 302 



283. Aphis padi on bird-cherry 303 



284. Aphis sambuci . . 305 



285. Chaitophorus aceris (special 



peculiar form) . . 307 



2S6. Eggs of Lachnus longipes 



on oak . . .311 



287. Phyllaphisfagi . .312 



288. Foliage of copper beech 



(under side) covered 

 with Phyllaphis fagi . 313 



289. Leaves of wych elm rolled 



by Schizoneura idmi . 315 



290. Gall on leaf-stalk of poplar 



caused by Pemphigus 

 bwrsarius . . .318 



291. "Stem mother" of Pem- 



phigus bursarius . . 318 



292 Larval stage of Pemphigus 



bursarius . . .318 



293. Pupal stage of Pemphigus 



bursarius . . .319 



294. Winged form of Pemphigus 



bursarius . . .319 



295. " Corkscrew " gall on leaf- 



stalk of poplar caused 



by Pemphigus spirothecce 320 



296. Gall of Pemphigus pallidas 



on midrib of leaf . 320 



297. Galls of Tetraneura ulmi . 321 



298. Gall of Chermes abietis . 325 



299. Early stage of gall of 



Chermes abietis . . 325 



300. Winged forms of Chermes 



abietis on spruce leaves 327 



301. Chermes laricis on bark of 



larch . . . .328 



