284 FOREST ENTOMOLOGY. 



COLEOPHORA FUSCEDINELLA, Zell. 



This species is, as a rule, very common on alder, and is termed the 

 alder-bud moth, in consequence of the larvae feeding on the buds and 

 destroying them prior to forming its case, and then on the leaves. 



COLEOPHORA sp. 



Some years ago I received from my friend, Mr Elder Cholmondeley, 

 Cheshire, a quantity of birch twigs which had been utterly destroyed 

 by a species of Coleophora. So far this species has not been defin- 

 itely identified. Fig. 271 is a representation of the damage, and the 



Fig. 271. Coleophora sp. on birch. 



normal leaf at the bottom was added for the purpose of identification. 

 The larvae were very injurious, as the twigs were stripped of their 

 entire foliage. After the larvae had made their final cases, they de- 

 stroyed the foliage by boring a hole into the leaf from the upper side 

 and entirely eating the contents of the leaf, which lie within the two 

 epidermal skins. Taking the hole as a centre, the larva eats all round 

 the same, thus making a circular patch, but, as a rule, always keeping 

 itself attached to the case by means of its anal hooks, and on the 

 slightest approach of danger drawing itself within its case. Some- 

 times it goes on feeding within the epidermal skins away from its 

 camp, but, as a rule, it moves to a fresh spot, after eating the circular 

 patch referred to, and then going on a fresh spot, until finally the 

 whole of the green portion of the leaf is destroyed. 



The imagines are considerably larger than the species on larch. 



