vi CONTENTS 



PAGE 



Principal sources and tannin contents 64 



Production of hemlock bark 65 



Harvesting hemlock bark 66 



Production of chestnut oak bark 70 



Chestnut extract 73 



Tanbark oak 75 



Western hemlock 77 



Black oak bark and other domestic materials ". 78 



Quebracho 79 



Mangrove bark 82 



Myrobalan nuts 84 



Divi-divi 84 



Imported sumach 85 



Valonia 85 



Other foreign tanning materials _. . 85 



Imports , 86 



CHAPTER IV. VENEERS 



General 89 



Methods of making veneers 90 



Qualifications desired in veneer woods 91 



Woods used 92 



Annual production and values 94 



Rotary cut veneers 95 



Sliced veneers 99 



Sawed veneers 101 



Built-up stock 103 



Utilization of veneers 105 



Utilization of waste 107 



Grading rules 109 



CHAPTER V. SLACK COOPERAGE 



General 115 



Annual production 116 



Slack cooperage versus other forms of shipping containers 117 



Laws governing the industry 118 



Qualifications for slack cooperage stock 119 



Woods used 119 



Manufacture of slack cooperage stock 122 



Manufacture of staves 1 23 



Manufacture of heading 127 



Manufacture of hoops 131 



Sawed hoops 132 



Cut hoops 132 



Assembling 134 



Utilization of waste 135 



Equivalents 137 



Stock weights 137 



Grading rules 140 



