GENERAL 9 



In the above classification, yellow pine includes principally the three 

 species of pine commonly found in the southeast; longleaf, (Pinus palus- 

 tris), loblolly, (Pinus taeda), and shortleaf (Pinus echinala), pine. Lou- 

 isiana is the present center of production of yellow pine. The other 

 important yellow pine states, in order of production are Mississippi, 

 Texas, North Carolina, Alabama, Arkansas and Florida. Although the 

 virgin forests of eastern North Carolina were cut over many years ago, 

 yellow pine cut from the second and third growth of the forests there 

 constitute an important contribution to her present output. 



Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga taxifolia) is the principal timber tree of the 

 West, and more than one-half of its total production is now cut in Wash- 

 ington. Oregon cuts almost one-third, while California, Idaho, and 

 Montana cut the remainder. 



Oak is the third tree in order of lumber cut in this country, and is 

 widely distributed over the entire eastern section of this country. The 

 lumber cut of oak is steadily declining. It includes about twenty species 

 of oak found in merchantable quantities in this country, although there 

 are fifty botanical species recognized, which are divided into two broad 

 classes of red and white oaks. The center of production of oak lumber 

 is in West Virginia, where over 13 per cent of the oak is produced. Arkan- 

 sas, Tennessee, Kentucky and Virginia are other oak-producing states 

 in order of their cut. 



For a long time, white pine held the leadership of lumber produc- 

 tion in this country, but it now occupies fourth place and it includes 

 in addition to the original eastern white pine (Pinus strobus) in the 

 above statistics, Norway pine, or red pine (Pinus resinosa), western white 

 (Pinus monticola) of western Montana and Idaho, and a small portion of 

 jack pine (Pinus diiaricatd) of the Lake states. 



Hemlock is the fifth tree of importance in this country's lumber cut, 

 and is produced chiefly in Wisconsin and Michigan, which, together pro- 

 duce about 43 per cent of the total product cut. Hemlock includes both 

 the eastern (Tsuga canadensis) and western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla). 

 It formerly was produced chiefly in Pennsylvania, which now occupies 

 fourth place. Washington occupies third place. It is also cut in con- 

 siderable quantities in West Virginia, Maine, and New York. 



LUMBER VALUES 



Lumber values have not risen in the past few decades to the extent to 

 which many other commodities have, particularly other building and 

 structural material. On account of the over-production of lumber, the 



